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BACKGROUND PAPERONSLEEP DEPRIVATION OF AVIATORSImagine a family taking a military flight for their summer vacation. There is laughter and excitement among them as they plan their adventures ahead of them. Suddenly lights are flickering and the plane starts to descend at an alarming rate. Panic and fiery runs through them. Their lives are flashing before their eyesliterally. Why? Pilot fatigue was the cause of this fatal flight. Fatigue related incidents, with aviators, directly affects all Air Force personnel and their families because their lives are at stake. There are many causes of sleep deprivation and they all have the potential to have negative effects on aviators. Let's first discuss some of those causes. Help with essay on Don't Have an essay,
Long work hours, rotating work shifts, and intentional sleep restrictions are three of several causes of sleep deprivation. Long work shifts are required because budget constraints have drastically reduced the number of aviators available to fly all types of missions. For example, according to the Department of the Army Aircrew Training Manuel (TC 1-1), during the past ten years, Army personnel have been cut by 5 percent while missions have increased 00 percent. (Department of the Army 16) Along with the Army, the Air Force operations tempo has also increased while manning to support the missions have been reduced. Thus, long work hours are almost unavoidable. Likewise, rotating work schedules are common because 4-hour-per-day operations are essential to meeting customer demands in a timely fashion. Next-day or overnight deliveries of information, supplies, equipment, and/or repair parts has become an economic necessity in many sectors, and air transport is a key component in maintaining this "just in time" delivery system. Unlike long work hours and rotating work shifts, intentional sleep restriction is a controllable cause of daytime sleepiness that occurs because sleep is considered and option rather than a requirement. According to Dr. John Caldwell from the U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory, reasons for intentional restriction include family responsibilities, social pressures, perceived work requirements, and the desire to participate in recreational activities. (Caldwell 6) Pilots on reverse cycle and other crew members working nights are especially tempted to sacrifice daytime sleep for the sake of spending time with family members and friends. Although pilots may feel that they are spending their extra time wisely, consistent self-imposed sleep deprivation can result in physical and mental deficiencies. Sleep deprivation effects people physically (i.e., circadian rhythm) and mentally (i.e., concentration and frustration). Rotating work shifts disrupt an individual's circadian rhythm (i.e., a person's daily rhythmic activity cycle based on 4- hour intervals). This is also true if travel across time zones is involved, stated G.P. Kruegar, author of Combatant Fatigue, Rest, and Sleep Needs. (Kruegar 60) Pilots in these situations can expect to suffer from shortened or disrupted sleep because they are attempting to sleep at times out of phase with internal biological rhythms or external environmental cues. When the body's normal schedule is disrupted, internal desynchronization occurs. This results in reduced energy and motivation, impaired sleep, degraded performance, and gastrointestinal discomfort. Fatigue impairs the mind by simple tasks of understanding or performing every day duties. D.F. Dinges, author of Crew Fatigue Monotoring, cautions that the performance becomes less consistent, especially during night hours. Sleepy pilots often fail to respond appropriately to cockpit demands, and they are at serious risk for missing task-related details because of an increase in unpredictable and involuntary sleep lapses. (Dinges 70) Problem solving, reasoning, and control accuracy degrade. Overall, the aviator's ability to pay attention to flight instruments and to manage radio communications, crew coordination, and navigational tasks is severely impaired. The causes of sleep deprivation on aviators long work schedules, rotating work shifts, and intentional sleep restrictions, as well as the effects mentally and physically, were briefly discussed above. In doing that, hopefully members of the United States Air Force realize how the lack of sleep, because of the problems that can arise, jeopardizes the lives of Air Force personnel and their families. This issue is no laughing matter. When planning your next family vacation, ask yourself one question. Did the aviator of your next flight get enough sleep? BACKGROUND PAPERONSLEEP DEPRIVATION OF AVIATORSImagine a family taking a military flight for their summer vacation. There is laughter and excitement among them as they plan their adventures ahead of them. Suddenly lights are flickering and the plane starts to descend at an alarming rate. Panic and fiery runs through them. Their lives are flashing before their eyesliterally. Why? Pilot fatigue was the cause of this fatal flight. Fatigue related incidents, with aviators, directly affects all Air Force personnel and their families because their lives are at stake. There are many causes of sleep deprivation and they all have the potential to have negative effects on aviators. Let's first discuss some of those causes. Long work hours, rotating work shifts, and intentional sleep restrictions are three of several causes of sleep deprivation. Long work shifts are required because budget constraints have drastically reduced the number of aviators available to fly all types of missions. For example, according to the Department of the Army Aircrew Training Manuel (TC 1-1), during the past ten years, Army personnel have been cut by 5 percent while missions have increased 00 percent. (Department of the Army 16) Along with the Army, the Air Force operations tempo has also increased while manning to support the missions have been reduced. Thus, long work hours are almost unavoidable. Likewise, rotating work schedules are common because 4-hour-per-day operations are essential to meeting customer demands in a timely fashion. Next-day or overnight deliveries of information, supplies, equipment, and/or repair parts has become an economic necessity in many sectors, and air transport is a key component in maintaining this "just in time" delivery system. Unlike long work hours and rotating work shifts, intentional sleep restriction is a controllable cause of daytime sleepiness that occurs because sleep is considered and option rather than a requirement. According to Dr. John Caldwell from the U.S. Army Aeromedical Research Laboratory, reasons for intentional restriction include family responsibilities, social pressures, perceived work requirements, and the desire to participate in recreational activities. (Caldwell 6) Pilots on reverse cycle and other crew members working nights are especially tempted to sacrifice daytime sleep for the sake of spending time with family members and friends. Although pilots may feel that they are spending their extra time wisely, consistent self-imposed sleep deprivation can result in physical and mental deficiencies. Sleep deprivation effects people physically (i.e., circadian rhythm) and mentally (i.e., concentration and frustration). Rotating work shifts disrupt an individual's circadian rhythm (i.e., a person's daily rhythmic activity cycle based on 4- hour intervals). This is also true if travel across time zones is involved, stated G.P. Kruegar, author of Combatant Fatigue, Rest, and Sleep Needs. (Kruegar 60) Pilots in these situations can expect to suffer from shortened or disrupted sleep because they are attempting to sleep at times out of phase with internal biological rhythms or external environmental cues. When the body's normal schedule is disrupted, internal desynchronization occurs. This results in reduced energy and motivation, impaired sleep, degraded performance, and gastrointestinal discomfort. Fatigue impairs the mind by simple tasks of understanding or performing every day duties. D.F. Dinges, author of Crew Fatigue Monotoring, cautions that the performance becomes less consistent, especially during night hours. Sleepy pilots often fail to respond appropriately to cockpit demands, and they are at serious risk for missing task-related details because of an increase in unpredictable and involuntary sleep lapses. (Dinges 70) Problem solving, reasoning, and control accuracy degrade. Overall, the aviator's ability to pay attention to flight instruments and to manage radio communications, crew coordination, and navigational tasks is severely impaired. The causes of sleep deprivation on aviators long work schedules, rotating work shifts, and intentional sleep restrictions, as well as the effects mentally and physically, were briefly discussed above. In doing that, hopefully members of the United States Air Force realize how the lack of sleep, because of the problems that can arise, jeopardizes the lives of Air Force personnel and their families. This issue is no laughing matter. When planning your next family vacation, ask yourself one question. Did the aviator of your next flight get enough sleep? Please note that this sample paper on Don't Have an essay, is for your review only. In order to eliminate any of the plagiarism issues, it is highly recommended that you do not use it for you own writing purposes. In case you experience difficulties with writing a well structured and accurately composed paper on Don't Have an essay,, we are here to assist you. Your cheap research papers on Don't Have an essay, will be written from scratch, so you do not have to worry about its originality.
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